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| author | Charles <sircharlesaze@gmail.com> | 2020-01-09 10:55:03 +0100 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Charles <sircharlesaze@gmail.com> | 2020-01-09 13:09:38 +0100 |
| commit | 04d6d5ca99ebfd1cebb8ce06618fb3811fc1a8aa (patch) | |
| tree | 5c691241355c943a3c68ddb06b8cf8c60aa11319 /srcs/phpmyadmin/doc/html/_sources/faq.txt | |
| parent | 7e0d85db834d6351ed85d01e5126ac31dc510b86 (diff) | |
| download | ft_server-04d6d5ca99ebfd1cebb8ce06618fb3811fc1a8aa.tar.gz ft_server-04d6d5ca99ebfd1cebb8ce06618fb3811fc1a8aa.tar.bz2 ft_server-04d6d5ca99ebfd1cebb8ce06618fb3811fc1a8aa.zip | |
phpmyadmin working
Diffstat (limited to 'srcs/phpmyadmin/doc/html/_sources/faq.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | srcs/phpmyadmin/doc/html/_sources/faq.txt | 2290 |
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diff --git a/srcs/phpmyadmin/doc/html/_sources/faq.txt b/srcs/phpmyadmin/doc/html/_sources/faq.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fbd1cc6 --- /dev/null +++ b/srcs/phpmyadmin/doc/html/_sources/faq.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2290 @@ +.. _faq: + +FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions +================================ + +Please have a look at our `Link section +<https://www.phpmyadmin.net/docs/>`_ on the official +phpMyAdmin homepage for in-depth coverage of phpMyAdmin's features and +or interface. + +.. _faqserver: + +Server +++++++ + +.. _faq1_1: + +1.1 My server is crashing each time a specific action is required or phpMyAdmin sends a blank page or a page full of cryptic characters to my browser, what can I do? +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Try to set the :config:option:`$cfg['OBGzip']` directive to ``false`` in your +:file:`config.inc.php` file and the ``zlib.output_compression`` directive to +``Off`` in your php configuration file. + +.. _faq1_2: + +1.2 My Apache server crashes when using phpMyAdmin. +--------------------------------------------------- + +You should first try the latest versions of Apache (and possibly MySQL). If +your server keeps crashing, please ask for help in the various Apache support +groups. + +.. seealso:: :ref:`faq1_1` + +.. _faq1_3: + +1.3 (withdrawn). +---------------- + +.. _faq1_4: + +1.4 Using phpMyAdmin on IIS, I'm displayed the error message: "The specified CGI application misbehaved by not returning a complete set of HTTP headers ...". +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +You just forgot to read the *install.txt* file from the PHP +distribution. Have a look at the last message in this `PHP bug report #12061 +<https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=12061>`_ from the official PHP bug +database. + +.. _faq1_5: + +1.5 Using phpMyAdmin on IIS, I'm facing crashes and/or many error messages with the HTTP. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is a known problem with the PHP :term:`ISAPI` filter: it's not so stable. +Please use instead the cookie authentication mode. + +.. _faq1_6: + +1.6 I can't use phpMyAdmin on PWS: nothing is displayed! +-------------------------------------------------------- + +This seems to be a PWS bug. Filippo Simoncini found a workaround (at +this time there is no better fix): remove or comment the ``DOCTYPE`` +declarations (2 lines) from the scripts :file:`libraries/Header.class.php` +and :file:`index.php`. + +.. _faq1_7: + +1.7 How can I gzip a dump or a CSV export? It does not seem to work. +-------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This feature is based on the ``gzencode()`` +PHP function to be more independent of the platform (Unix/Windows, +Safe Mode or not, and so on). So, you must have Zlib support +(``--with-zlib``). + +.. _faq1_8: + +1.8 I cannot insert a text file in a table, and I get an error about safe mode being in effect. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Your uploaded file is saved by PHP in the "upload dir", as defined in +:file:`php.ini` by the variable ``upload_tmp_dir`` (usually the system +default is */tmp*). We recommend the following setup for Apache +servers running in safe mode, to enable uploads of files while being +reasonably secure: + +* create a separate directory for uploads: :command:`mkdir /tmp/php` +* give ownership to the Apache server's user.group: :command:`chown + apache.apache /tmp/php` +* give proper permission: :command:`chmod 600 /tmp/php` +* put ``upload_tmp_dir = /tmp/php`` in :file:`php.ini` +* restart Apache + +.. _faq1_9: + +1.9 (withdrawn). +---------------- + +.. _faq1_10: + +1.10 I'm having troubles when uploading files with phpMyAdmin running on a secure server. My browser is Internet Explorer and I'm using the Apache server. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +As suggested by "Rob M" in the phpWizard forum, add this line to your +*httpd.conf*: + +.. code-block:: apache + + SetEnvIf User-Agent ".*MSIE.*" nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown + +It seems to clear up many problems between Internet Explorer and SSL. + +.. _faq1_11: + +1.11 I get an 'open\_basedir restriction' while uploading a file from the import tab. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Since version 2.2.4, phpMyAdmin supports servers with open\_basedir +restrictions. However you need to create temporary directory and configure it +as :config:option:`$cfg['TempDir']`. The uploaded files will be moved there, +and after execution of your :term:`SQL` commands, removed. + +.. _faq1_12: + +1.12 I have lost my MySQL root password, what can I do? +------------------------------------------------------- + +phpMyAdmin does authenticate against MySQL server you're using, so to recover +from phpMyAdmin password loss, you need to recover at MySQL level. + +The MySQL manual explains how to `reset the permissions +<https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/resetting-permissions.html>`_. + +If you are using MySQL server installed by your hosting provider, please +contact their support to recover the password for you. + +.. _faq1_13: + +1.13 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq1_14: + +1.14 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq1_15: + +1.15 I have problems with *mysql.user* column names. +---------------------------------------------------- + +In previous MySQL versions, the ``User`` and ``Password`` columns were +named ``user`` and ``password``. Please modify your column names to +align with current standards. + +.. _faq1_16: + +1.16 I cannot upload big dump files (memory, HTTP or timeout problems). +----------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Starting with version 2.7.0, the import engine has been re–written and +these problems should not occur. If possible, upgrade your phpMyAdmin +to the latest version to take advantage of the new import features. + +The first things to check (or ask your host provider to check) are the values +of ``max_execution_time``, ``upload_max_filesize``, ``memory_limit`` and +``post_max_size`` in the :file:`php.ini` configuration file. All of these +settings limit the maximum size of data that can be submitted and handled by +PHP. Please note that ``post_max_size`` needs to be larger than +``upload_max_filesize``. There exist several workarounds if your upload is too +big or your hosting provider is unwilling to change the settings: + +* Look at the :config:option:`$cfg['UploadDir']` feature. This allows one to upload a file to the server + via scp, FTP, or your favorite file transfer method. PhpMyAdmin is + then able to import the files from the temporary directory. More + information is available in the :ref:`config` of this document. +* Using a utility (such as `BigDump + <https://www.ozerov.de/bigdump/>`_) to split the files before + uploading. We cannot support this or any third party applications, but + are aware of users having success with it. +* If you have shell (command line) access, use MySQL to import the files + directly. You can do this by issuing the "source" command from within + MySQL: + + .. code-block:: mysql + + source filename.sql; + +.. _faq1_17: + +1.17 Which Database versions does phpMyAdmin support? +----------------------------------------------------- + +For `MySQL <https://www.mysql.com/>`_, versions 5.5 and newer are supported. +For older MySQL versions, our `Downloads <https://www.phpmyadmin.net/downloads/>`_ page offers older phpMyAdmin versions +(which may have become unsupported). + +For `MariaDB <https://mariadb.org/>`_, versions 5.5 and newer are supported. + +.. _faq1_17a: + +1.17a I cannot connect to the MySQL server. It always returns the error message, "Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server; consider upgrading MySQL client" +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +You tried to access MySQL with an old MySQL client library. The +version of your MySQL client library can be checked in your phpinfo() +output. In general, it should have at least the same minor version as +your server - as mentioned in :ref:`faq1_17`. This problem is +generally caused by using MySQL version 4.1 or newer. MySQL changed +the authentication hash and your PHP is trying to use the old method. +The proper solution is to use the `mysqli extension +<https://www.php.net/mysqli>`_ with the proper client library to match +your MySQL installation. More +information (and several workarounds) are located in the `MySQL +Documentation <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/common-errors.html>`_. + +.. _faq1_18: + +1.18 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq1_19: + +1.19 I can't run the "display relations" feature because the script seems not to know the font face I'm using! +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The :term:`TCPDF` library we're using for this feature requires some special +files to use font faces. Please refers to the `TCPDF manual +<https://tcpdf.org/>`_ to build these files. + +.. _faqmysql: + +1.20 I receive an error about missing mysqli and mysql extensions. +------------------------------------------------------------------ + +To connect to a MySQL server, PHP needs a set of MySQL functions +called "MySQL extension". This extension may be part of the PHP +distribution (compiled-in), otherwise it needs to be loaded +dynamically. Its name is probably *mysqli.so* or *php\_mysqli.dll*. +phpMyAdmin tried to load the extension but failed. Usually, the +problem is solved by installing a software package called "PHP-MySQL" +or something similar. + +There are currently two interfaces PHP provides as MySQL extensions - ``mysql`` +and ``mysqli``. The ``mysqli`` is tried first, because it's the best one. + +This problem can be also caused by wrong paths in the :file:`php.ini` or using +wrong :file:`php.ini`. + +Make sure that the extension files do exist in the folder which the +``extension_dir`` points to and that the corresponding lines in your +:file:`php.ini` are not commented out (you can use ``phpinfo()`` to check +current setup): + +.. code-block:: ini + + [PHP] + + ; Directory in which the loadable extensions (modules) reside. + extension_dir = "C:/Apache2/modules/php/ext" + +The :file:`php.ini` can be loaded from several locations (especially on +Windows), so please check you're updating the correct one. If using Apache, you +can tell it to use specific path for this file using ``PHPIniDir`` directive: + +.. code-block:: apache + + LoadFile "C:/php/php5ts.dll" + LoadModule php5_module "C:/php/php5apache2_2.dll" + <IfModule php5_module> + PHPIniDir "C:/PHP" + <Location> + AddType text/html .php + AddHandler application/x-httpd-php .php + </Location> + </IfModule> + +In some rare cases this problem can be also caused by other extensions loaded +in PHP which prevent MySQL extensions to be loaded. If anything else fails, you +can try commenting out extensions for other databses from :file:`php.ini`. + +.. _faq1_21: + +1.21 I am running the CGI version of PHP under Unix, and I cannot log in using cookie auth. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +In :file:`php.ini`, set ``mysql.max_links`` higher than 1. + +.. _faq1_22: + +1.22 I don't see the "Location of text file" field, so I cannot upload. +----------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is most likely because in :file:`php.ini`, your ``file_uploads`` +parameter is not set to "on". + +.. _faq1_23: + +1.23 I'm running MySQL on a Win32 machine. Each time I create a new table the table and column names are changed to lowercase! +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +This happens because the MySQL directive ``lower_case_table_names`` +defaults to 1 (``ON``) in the Win32 version of MySQL. You can change +this behavior by simply changing the directive to 0 (``OFF``): Just +edit your ``my.ini`` file that should be located in your Windows +directory and add the following line to the group [mysqld]: + +.. code-block:: ini + + set-variable = lower_case_table_names=0 + +.. note:: + + Forcing this variable to 0 with --lower-case-table-names=0 on a + case-insensitive filesystem and access MyISAM tablenames using different + lettercases, index corruption may result. + +Next, save the file and restart the MySQL service. You can always +check the value of this directive using the query + +.. code-block:: mysql + + SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'lower_case_table_names'; + +.. seealso:: `Identifier Case Sensitivity in the MySQL Reference Manual <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/identifier-case-sensitivity.html>`_ + +.. _faq1_24: + +1.24 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq1_25: + +1.25 I am running Apache with mod\_gzip-1.3.26.1a on Windows XP, and I get problems, such as undefined variables when I run a SQL query. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +A tip from Jose Fandos: put a comment on the following two lines in +httpd.conf, like this: + +.. code-block:: apache + + # mod_gzip_item_include file \.php$ + # mod_gzip_item_include mime "application/x-httpd-php.*" + +as this version of mod\_gzip on Apache (Windows) has problems handling +PHP scripts. Of course you have to restart Apache. + +.. _faq1_26: + +1.26 I just installed phpMyAdmin in my document root of IIS but I get the error "No input file specified" when trying to run phpMyAdmin. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is a permission problem. Right-click on the phpmyadmin folder and +choose properties. Under the tab Security, click on "Add" and select +the user "IUSR\_machine" from the list. Now set his permissions and it +should work. + +.. _faq1_27: + +1.27 I get empty page when I want to view huge page (eg. db\_structure.php with plenty of tables). +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This was caused by a `PHP bug <https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=21079>`_ that occur when +GZIP output buffering is enabled. If you turn off it (by +:config:option:`$cfg['OBGzip']` in :file:`config.inc.php`), it should work. +This bug will has been fixed in PHP 5.0.0. + +.. _faq1_28: + +1.28 My MySQL server sometimes refuses queries and returns the message 'Errorcode: 13'. What does this mean? +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +This can happen due to a MySQL bug when having database / table names +with upper case characters although ``lower_case_table_names`` is +set to 1. To fix this, turn off this directive, convert all database +and table names to lower case and turn it on again. Alternatively, +there's a bug-fix available starting with MySQL 3.23.56 / +4.0.11-gamma. + +.. _faq1_29: + +1.29 When I create a table or modify a column, I get an error and the columns are duplicated. +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +It is possible to configure Apache in such a way that PHP has problems +interpreting .php files. + +The problems occur when two different (and conflicting) set of +directives are used: + +.. code-block:: apache + + SetOutputFilter PHP + SetInputFilter PHP + +and + +.. code-block:: apache + + AddType application/x-httpd-php .php + +In the case we saw, one set of directives was in +``/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf``, while the other set was in +``/etc/httpd/conf/addon-modules/php.conf``. The recommended way is +with ``AddType``, so just comment out the first set of lines and +restart Apache: + +.. code-block:: apache + + #SetOutputFilter PHP + #SetInputFilter PHP + +.. _faq1_30: + +1.30 I get the error "navigation.php: Missing hash". +---------------------------------------------------- + +This problem is known to happen when the server is running Turck +MMCache but upgrading MMCache to version 2.3.21 solves the problem. + +.. _faq1_31: + +1.31 Which PHP versions does phpMyAdmin support? +------------------------------------------------ + +Since release 4.5, phpMyAdmin supports only PHP 5.5 and newer. Since release +4.1 phpMyAdmin supports only PHP 5.3 and newer. For PHP 5.2 you can use 4.0.x +releases. + +PHP 7 is supported since phpMyAdmin 4.6, PHP 7.1 is supported since 4.6.5, +PHP 7.2 is supported since 4.7.4. + +HHVM is supported up to phpMyAdmin 4.8. + +Since release 5.0, phpMyAdmin supports only PHP 7.1 and newer. + +.. _faq1_32: + +1.32 Can I use HTTP authentication with IIS? +-------------------------------------------- + +Yes. This procedure was tested with phpMyAdmin 2.6.1, PHP 4.3.9 in +:term:`ISAPI` mode under :term:`IIS` 5.1. + +#. In your :file:`php.ini` file, set ``cgi.rfc2616_headers = 0`` +#. In ``Web Site Properties -> File/Directory Security -> Anonymous + Access`` dialog box, check the ``Anonymous access`` checkbox and + uncheck any other checkboxes (i.e. uncheck ``Basic authentication``, + ``Integrated Windows authentication``, and ``Digest`` if it's + enabled.) Click ``OK``. +#. In ``Custom Errors``, select the range of ``401;1`` through ``401;5`` + and click the ``Set to Default`` button. + +.. seealso:: :rfc:`2616` + +.. _faq1_33: + +1.33 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq1_34: + +1.34 Can I directly access a database or table pages? +----------------------------------------------------- + +Yes. Out of the box, you can use a :term:`URL` like +``http://server/phpMyAdmin/index.php?server=X&db=database&table=table&target=script``. +For ``server`` you can use the server number +which refers to the numeric host index (from ``$i``) in +:file:`config.inc.php`. The table and script parts are optional. + +If you want a URL like +``http://server/phpMyAdmin/database[/table][/script]``, you need to do some additional configuration. The following +lines apply only for the `Apache <https://httpd.apache.org>`_ web server. +First, make sure that you have enabled some features within the Apache global +configuration. You need ``Options SymLinksIfOwnerMatch`` and ``AllowOverride +FileInfo`` enabled for directory where phpMyAdmin is installed and you +need mod\_rewrite to be enabled. Then you just need to create the +following :term:`.htaccess` file in root folder of phpMyAdmin installation (don't +forget to change directory name inside of it): + +.. code-block:: apache + + RewriteEngine On + RewriteBase /path_to_phpMyAdmin + RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-z_]+\.php)$ index.php?db=$1&table=$2&target=$3 [R] + RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-z_]+\.php)$ index.php?db=$1&target=$2 [R] + RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)$ index.php?db=$1&table=$2 [R] + RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)$ index.php?db=$1 [R] + +.. seealso:: :ref:`faq4_8` + +.. _faq1_35: + +1.35 Can I use HTTP authentication with Apache CGI? +--------------------------------------------------- + +Yes. However you need to pass authentication variable to :term:`CGI` using +following rewrite rule: + +.. code-block:: apache + + RewriteEngine On + RewriteRule .* - [E=REMOTE_USER:%{HTTP:Authorization},L] + +.. _faq1_36: + +1.36 I get an error "500 Internal Server Error". +------------------------------------------------ + +There can be many explanations to this and a look at your server's +error log file might give a clue. + +.. _faq1_37: + +1.37 I run phpMyAdmin on cluster of different machines and password encryption in cookie auth doesn't work. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +If your cluster consist of different architectures, PHP code used for +encryption/decryption won't work correct. This is caused by use of +pack/unpack functions in code. Only solution is to use mcrypt +extension which works fine in this case. + +.. _faq1_38: + +1.38 Can I use phpMyAdmin on a server on which Suhosin is enabled? +------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Yes but the default configuration values of Suhosin are known to cause +problems with some operations, for example editing a table with many +columns and no :term:`primary key` or with textual :term:`primary key`. + +Suhosin configuration might lead to malfunction in some cases and it +can not be fully avoided as phpMyAdmin is kind of application which +needs to transfer big amounts of columns in single HTTP request, what +is something what Suhosin tries to prevent. Generally all +``suhosin.request.*``, ``suhosin.post.*`` and ``suhosin.get.*`` +directives can have negative effect on phpMyAdmin usability. You can +always find in your error logs which limit did cause dropping of +variable, so you can diagnose the problem and adjust matching +configuration variable. + +The default values for most Suhosin configuration options will work in +most scenarios, however you might want to adjust at least following +parameters: + +* `suhosin.request.max\_vars <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-request-max-vars>`_ should + be increased (eg. 2048) +* `suhosin.post.max\_vars <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-post-max-vars>`_ should be + increased (eg. 2048) +* `suhosin.request.max\_array\_index\_length <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-request-max-array-index-length>`_ + should be increased (eg. 256) +* `suhosin.post.max\_array\_index\_length <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-post-max-array-index-length>`_ + should be increased (eg. 256) +* `suhosin.request.max\_totalname\_length <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-request-max-totalname-length>`_ + should be increased (eg. 8192) +* `suhosin.post.max\_totalname\_length <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-post-max-totalname-length>`_ should be + increased (eg. 8192) +* `suhosin.get.max\_value\_length <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-get-max-value-length>`_ + should be increased (eg. 1024) +* `suhosin.sql.bailout\_on\_error <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-sql-bailout-on-error>`_ + needs to be disabled (the default) +* `suhosin.log.\* <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#logging-configuration>`_ should not + include :term:`SQL`, otherwise you get big + slowdown +* `suhosin.sql.union <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin- + sql-union>`_ must be disabled (which is the default). +* `suhosin.sql.multiselect <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html# + suhosin-sql-multiselect>`_ must be disabled (which is the default). +* `suhosin.sql.comment <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin- + sql-comment>`_ must be disabled (which is the default). + +To further improve security, we also recommend these modifications: + +* `suhosin.executor.include.max\_traversal <https://suhosin.org/stories/ + configuration.html#suhosin-executor-include-max-traversal>`_ should be + enabled as a mitigation against local file inclusion attacks. We suggest + setting this to 2 as ``../`` is used with the ReCaptcha library. +* `suhosin.cookie.encrypt <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html# + suhosin-cookie-encrypt>`_ should be enabled. +* `suhosin.executor.disable_emodifier <https://suhosin.org/stories/config + uration.html#suhosin-executor-disable-emodifier>`_ should be enabled. + +You can also disable the warning using the :config:option:`$cfg['SuhosinDisableWarning']`. + +.. _faq1_39: + +1.39 When I try to connect via https, I can log in, but then my connection is redirected back to http. What can cause this behavior? +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +This is caused by the fact that PHP scripts have no knowledge that the site is +using https. Depending on used webserver, you should configure it to let PHP +know about URL and scheme used to access it. + +For example in Apache ensure that you have enabled ``SSLOptions`` and +``StdEnvVars`` in the configuration. + +.. seealso:: <https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_ssl.html> + +.. _faq1_40: + +1.40 When accessing phpMyAdmin via an Apache reverse proxy, cookie login does not work. +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +To be able to use cookie auth Apache must know that it has to rewrite +the set-cookie headers. Example from the Apache 2.2 documentation: + +.. code-block:: apache + + ProxyPass /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/ + ProxyPassReverse /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/ + ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain backend.example.com public.example.com + ProxyPassReverseCookiePath / /mirror/foo/ + +Note: if the backend url looks like ``http://server/~user/phpmyadmin``, the +tilde (~) must be url encoded as %7E in the ProxyPassReverse\* lines. +This is not specific to phpmyadmin, it's just the behavior of Apache. + +.. code-block:: apache + + ProxyPass /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/~user/phpmyadmin + ProxyPassReverse /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/%7Euser/phpmyadmin + ProxyPassReverseCookiePath /%7Euser/phpmyadmin /mirror/foo + +.. seealso:: <https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy.html>, :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']` + +.. _faq1_41: + +1.41 When I view a database and ask to see its privileges, I get an error about an unknown column. +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The MySQL server's privilege tables are not up to date, you need to +run the :command:`mysql_upgrade` command on the server. + +.. _faq1_42: + +1.42 How can I prevent robots from accessing phpMyAdmin? +-------------------------------------------------------- + +You can add various rules to :term:`.htaccess` to filter access based on user agent +field. This is quite easy to circumvent, but could prevent at least +some robots accessing your installation. + +.. code-block:: apache + + RewriteEngine on + + # Allow only GET and POST verbs + RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} !^(GET|POST)$ [NC,OR] + + # Ban Typical Vulnerability Scanners and others + # Kick out Script Kiddies + RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^(java|curl|wget).* [NC,OR] + RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(libwww-perl|curl|wget|python|nikto|wkito|pikto|scan|acunetix).* [NC,OR] + RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(winhttp|HTTrack|clshttp|archiver|loader|email|harvest|extract|grab|miner).* [NC,OR] + + # Ban Search Engines, Crawlers to your administrative panel + # No reasons to access from bots + # Ultimately Better than the useless robots.txt + # Did google respect robots.txt? + # Try google: intitle:phpMyAdmin intext:"Welcome to phpMyAdmin *.*.*" intext:"Log in" -wiki -forum -forums -questions intext:"Cookies must be enabled" + RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(AdsBot-Google|ia_archiver|Scooter|Ask.Jeeves|Baiduspider|Exabot|FAST.Enterprise.Crawler|FAST-WebCrawler|www\.neomo\.de|Gigabot|Mediapartners-Google|Google.Desktop|Feedfetcher-Google|Googlebot|heise-IT-Markt-Crawler|heritrix|ibm.com\cs/crawler|ICCrawler|ichiro|MJ12bot|MetagerBot|msnbot-NewsBlogs|msnbot|msnbot-media|NG-Search|lucene.apache.org|NutchCVS|OmniExplorer_Bot|online.link.validator|psbot0|Seekbot|Sensis.Web.Crawler|SEO.search.Crawler|Seoma.\[SEO.Crawler\]|SEOsearch|Snappy|www.urltrends.com|www.tkl.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~crawler|SynooBot|crawleradmin.t-info@telekom.de|TurnitinBot|voyager|W3.SiteSearch.Crawler|W3C-checklink|W3C_Validator|www.WISEnutbot.com|yacybot|Yahoo-MMCrawler|Yahoo\!.DE.Slurp|Yahoo\!.Slurp|YahooSeeker).* [NC] + RewriteRule .* - [F] + +.. _faq1_43: + +1.43 Why can't I display the structure of my table containing hundreds of columns? +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Because your PHP's ``memory_limit`` is too low; adjust it in :file:`php.ini`. + +.. _faq1:44: + +1.44 How can I reduce the installed size of phpMyAdmin on disk? +--------------------------------------------------------------- + +Some users have requested to be able to reduce the size of the phpMyAdmin installation. +This is not recommended and could lead to confusion over missing features, but can be done. +A list of files and corresponding functionality which degrade gracefully when removed include: + +* :file:`./vendor/tecnickcom/tcpdf` folder (exporting to PDF) +* :file:`./locale/` folder, or unused subfolders (interface translations) +* Any unused themes in :file:`./themes/` +* :file:`./js/vendor/jquery/src/` (included for licensing reasons) +* :file:`./js/line_counts.php` (removed in phpMyAdmin 4.8) +* :file:`./doc/` (documentation) +* :file:`./setup/` (setup script) +* :file:`./examples/` +* :file:`./sql/` (SQL scripts to configure advanced functionality) +* :file:`./js/vendor/openlayers/` (GIS visualization) + +.. _faq1_45: + +1.45 I get an error message about unknown authentication method caching_sha2_password when trying to log in +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +When logging in using MySQL version 8 or newer, you may encounter an error message like this: + + mysqli_real_connect(): The server requested authentication method unknown to the client [caching_sha2_password] + + mysqli_real_connect(): (HY000/2054): The server requested authentication method unknown to the client + +This error is because of a version compatibility problem between PHP and MySQL. The MySQL project introduced a new authentication +method (our tests show this began with version 8.0.11) however PHP did not include the ability to use that authentication method. +PHP reports that this was fixed in PHP version 7.4. + +Users experiencing this are encouraged to upgrade their PHP installation, however a workaround exists. Your MySQL user account +can be set to use the older authentication with a command such as + +.. code-block:: mysql + + ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'PASSWORD'; + +.. seealso:: <https://github.com/phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin/issues/14220>, <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49948350/phpmyadmin-on-mysql-8-0>, <https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=76243> + +.. _faqconfig: + +Configuration ++++++++++++++ + +.. _faq2_1: + +2.1 The error message "Warning: Cannot add header information - headers already sent by ..." is displayed, what's the problem? +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Edit your :file:`config.inc.php` file and ensure there is nothing (I.E. no +blank lines, no spaces, no characters...) neither before the ``<?php`` tag at +the beginning, neither after the ``?>`` tag at the end. + +.. _faq2_2: + +2.2 phpMyAdmin can't connect to MySQL. What's wrong? +---------------------------------------------------- + +Either there is an error with your PHP setup or your username/password +is wrong. Try to make a small script which uses mysql\_connect and see +if it works. If it doesn't, it may be you haven't even compiled MySQL +support into PHP. + +.. _faq2_3: + +2.3 The error message "Warning: MySQL Connection Failed: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (111) ..." is displayed. What can I do? +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The error message can also be: :guilabel:`Error #2002 - The server is not +responding (or the local MySQL server's socket is not correctly configured)`. + +First, you need to determine what socket is being used by MySQL. To do this, +connect to your server and go to the MySQL bin directory. In this directory +there should be a file named *mysqladmin*. Type ``./mysqladmin variables``, and +this should give you a bunch of info about your MySQL server, including the +socket (*/tmp/mysql.sock*, for example). You can also ask your ISP for the +connection info or, if you're hosting your own, connect from the 'mysql' +command-line client and type 'status' to get the connection type and socket or +port number. + +Then, you need to tell PHP to use this socket. You can do this for all PHP in +the :file:`php.ini` or for phpMyAdmin only in the :file:`config.inc.php`. For +example: :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['socket']` Please also make sure +that the permissions of this file allow to be readable by your webserver. + +On my RedHat-Box the socket of MySQL is */var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock*. +In your :file:`php.ini` you will find a line + +.. code-block:: ini + + mysql.default_socket = /tmp/mysql.sock + +change it to + +.. code-block:: ini + + mysql.default_socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock + +Then restart apache and it will work. + +Have also a look at the `corresponding section of the MySQL +documentation <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/can-not-connect-to-server.html>`_. + +.. _faq2_4: + +2.4 Nothing is displayed by my browser when I try to run phpMyAdmin, what can I do? +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Try to set the :config:option:`$cfg['OBGzip']` directive to ``false`` in the phpMyAdmin configuration +file. It helps sometime. Also have a look at your PHP version number: +if it contains "b" or "alpha" it means you're running a testing +version of PHP. That's not a so good idea, please upgrade to a plain +revision. + +.. _faq2_5: + +2.5 Each time I want to insert or change a row or drop a database or a table, an error 404 (page not found) is displayed or, with HTTP or cookie authentication, I'm asked to log in again. What's wrong? +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Check your webserver setup if it correctly fills in either PHP_SELF or REQUEST_URI variables. + +If you are running phpMyAdmin behind reverse proxy, please set the +:config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']` directive in the phpMyAdmin +configuration file to match your setup. + +.. _faq2_6: + +2.6 I get an "Access denied for user: 'root@localhost' (Using password: YES)"-error when trying to access a MySQL-Server on a host which is port-forwarded for my localhost. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +When you are using a port on your localhost, which you redirect via +port-forwarding to another host, MySQL is not resolving the localhost +as expected. Erik Wasser explains: The solution is: if your host is +"localhost" MySQL (the command line tool :command:`mysql` as well) always +tries to use the socket connection for speeding up things. And that +doesn't work in this configuration with port forwarding. If you enter +"127.0.0.1" as hostname, everything is right and MySQL uses the +:term:`TCP` connection. + +.. _faqthemes: + +2.7 Using and creating themes +----------------------------- + +See :ref:`themes`. + +.. _faqmissingparameters: + +2.8 I get "Missing parameters" errors, what can I do? +----------------------------------------------------- + +Here are a few points to check: + +* In :file:`config.inc.php`, try to leave the :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']` directive empty. See also + :ref:`faq4_7`. +* Maybe you have a broken PHP installation or you need to upgrade your + Zend Optimizer. See <https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=31134>. +* If you are using Hardened PHP with the ini directive + ``varfilter.max_request_variables`` set to the default (200) or + another low value, you could get this error if your table has a high + number of columns. Adjust this setting accordingly. (Thanks to Klaus + Dorninger for the hint). +* In the :file:`php.ini` directive ``arg_separator.input``, a value of ";" + will cause this error. Replace it with "&;". +* If you are using `Suhosin <https://suhosin.org/stories/index.html>`_, you + might want to increase `request limits <https://suhosin.org/stories/faq.html>`_. +* The directory specified in the :file:`php.ini` directive + ``session.save_path`` does not exist or is read-only (this can be caused + by `bug in the PHP installer <https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=39842>`_). + +.. _faq2_9: + +2.9 Seeing an upload progress bar +--------------------------------- + +To be able to see a progress bar during your uploads, your server must +have the `APC <https://www.php.net/manual/en/book.apc.php>`_ extension, the +`uploadprogress <https://pecl.php.net/package/uploadprogress>`_ one, or +you must be running PHP 5.4.0 or higher. Moreover, the JSON extension +has to be enabled in your PHP. + +If using APC, you must set ``apc.rfc1867`` to ``on`` in your :file:`php.ini`. + +If using PHP 5.4.0 or higher, you must set +``session.upload_progress.enabled`` to ``1`` in your :file:`php.ini`. However, +starting from phpMyAdmin version 4.0.4, session-based upload progress has +been temporarily deactivated due to its problematic behavior. + +.. seealso:: :rfc:`1867` + +.. _faqlimitations: + +Known limitations ++++++++++++++++++ + +.. _login_bug: + +3.1 When using HTTP authentication, a user who logged out can not log in again in with the same nick. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is related to the authentication mechanism (protocol) used by +phpMyAdmin. To bypass this problem: just close all the opened browser +windows and then go back to phpMyAdmin. You should be able to log in +again. + +.. _faq3_2: + +3.2 When dumping a large table in compressed mode, I get a memory limit error or a time limit error. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Compressed dumps are built in memory and because of this are limited +to php's memory limit. For gzip/bzip2 exports this can be overcome +since 2.5.4 using :config:option:`$cfg['CompressOnFly']` (enabled by default). +zip exports can not be handled this way, so if you need zip files for larger +dump, you have to use another way. + +.. _faq3_3: + +3.3 With InnoDB tables, I lose foreign key relationships when I rename a table or a column. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is an InnoDB bug, see <https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=21704>. + +.. _faq3_4: + +3.4 I am unable to import dumps I created with the mysqldump tool bundled with the MySQL server distribution. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The problem is that older versions of ``mysqldump`` created invalid +comments like this: + +.. code-block:: mysql + + -- MySQL dump 8.22 + -- + -- Host: localhost Database: database + --------------------------------------------------------- + -- Server version 3.23.54 + +The invalid part of the code is the horizontal line made of dashes +that appears once in every dump created with mysqldump. If you want to +run your dump you have to turn it into valid MySQL. This means, you +have to add a whitespace after the first two dashes of the line or add +a # before it: ``-- -------------------------------------------------------`` or +``#---------------------------------------------------------`` + +.. _faq3_5: + +3.5 When using nested folders, multiple hierarchies are displayed in a wrong manner. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Please note that you should not use the separating string multiple +times without any characters between them, or at the beginning/end of +your table name. If you have to, think about using another +TableSeparator or disabling that feature. + +.. seealso:: :config:option:`$cfg['NavigationTreeTableSeparator']` + +.. _faq3_6: + +3.6 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq3_7: + +3.7 I have table with many (100+) columns and when I try to browse table I get series of errors like "Warning: unable to parse url". How can this be fixed? +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Your table neither have a :term:`primary key` nor an :term:`unique key`, so we must +use a long expression to identify this row. This causes problems to +parse\_url function. The workaround is to create a :term:`primary key` +or :term:`unique key`. + +.. _faq3_8: + +3.8 I cannot use (clickable) HTML-forms in columns where I put a MIME-Transformation onto! +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Due to a surrounding form-container (for multi-row delete checkboxes), +no nested forms can be put inside the table where phpMyAdmin displays +the results. You can, however, use any form inside of a table if keep +the parent form-container with the target to tbl\_row\_delete.php and +just put your own input-elements inside. If you use a custom submit +input field, the form will submit itself to the displaying page again, +where you can validate the $HTTP\_POST\_VARS in a transformation. For +a tutorial on how to effectively use transformations, see our `Link +section <https://www.phpmyadmin.net/docs/>`_ on the +official phpMyAdmin-homepage. + +.. _faq3_9: + +3.9 I get error messages when using "--sql\_mode=ANSI" for the MySQL server. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +When MySQL is running in ANSI-compatibility mode, there are some major +differences in how :term:`SQL` is structured (see +<https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/sql-mode.html>). Most important of all, the +quote-character (") is interpreted as an identifier quote character and not as +a string quote character, which makes many internal phpMyAdmin operations into +invalid :term:`SQL` statements. There is no +workaround to this behaviour. News to this item will be posted in `issue +#7383 <https://github.com/phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin/issues/7383>`_. + +.. _faq3_10: + +3.10 Homonyms and no primary key: When the results of a SELECT display more that one column with the same value (for example ``SELECT lastname from employees where firstname like 'A%'`` and two "Smith" values are displayed), if I click Edit I cannot be sure that I am editing the intended row. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Please make sure that your table has a :term:`primary key`, so that phpMyAdmin +can use it for the Edit and Delete links. + +.. _faq3_11: + +3.11 The number of rows for InnoDB tables is not correct. +--------------------------------------------------------- + +phpMyAdmin uses a quick method to get the row count, and this method only +returns an approximate count in the case of InnoDB tables. See +:config:option:`$cfg['MaxExactCount']` for a way to modify those results, but +this could have a serious impact on performance. +However, one can easily replace the approximate row count with exact count by +simply clicking on the approximate count. This can also be done for all tables +at once by clicking on the rows sum displayed at the bottom. + +.. seealso:: :config:option:`$cfg['MaxExactCount']` + +.. _faq3_12: + +3.12 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq3_13: + +3.13 I get an error when entering ``USE`` followed by a db name containing an hyphen. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The tests I have made with MySQL 5.1.49 shows that the API does not +accept this syntax for the USE command. + +.. _faq3_14: + +3.14 I am not able to browse a table when I don't have the right to SELECT one of the columns. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This has been a known limitation of phpMyAdmin since the beginning and +it's not likely to be solved in the future. + +.. _faq3_15: + +3.15 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq3_16: + +3.16 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq3_17: + +3.17 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq3_18: + +3.18 When I import a CSV file that contains multiple tables, they are lumped together into a single table. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +There is no reliable way to differentiate tables in :term:`CSV` format. For the +time being, you will have to break apart :term:`CSV` files containing multiple +tables. + +.. _faq3_19: + +3.19 When I import a file and have phpMyAdmin determine the appropriate data structure it only uses int, decimal, and varchar types. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Currently, the import type-detection system can only assign these +MySQL types to columns. In future, more will likely be added but for +the time being you will have to edit the structure to your liking +post-import. Also, you should note the fact that phpMyAdmin will use +the size of the largest item in any given column as the column size +for the appropriate type. If you know you will be adding larger items +to that column then you should manually adjust the column sizes +accordingly. This is done for the sake of efficiency. + +.. _faq3_20: + +3.20 After upgrading, some bookmarks are gone or their content cannot be shown. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +At some point, the character set used to store bookmark content has changed. +It's better to recreate your bookmark from the newer phpMyAdmin version. + +.. _faq3_21: + +3.21 I am unable to log in with a username containing unicode characters such as á. +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This can happen if MySQL server is not configured to use utf-8 as default +charset. This is a limitation of how PHP and the MySQL server interact; there +is no way for PHP to set the charset before authenticating. + +.. seealso:: + + `phpMyAdmin issue 12232 <https://github.com/phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin/issues/12232>`_, + `MySQL documentation note <https://www.php.net/manual/en/mysqli.real-connect.php#refsect1-mysqli.real-connect-notes>`_ + +.. _faqmultiuser: + +ISPs, multi-user installations +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ + +.. _faq4_1: + +4.1 I'm an ISP. Can I setup one central copy of phpMyAdmin or do I need to install it for each customer? +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Since version 2.0.3, you can setup a central copy of phpMyAdmin for all your +users. The development of this feature was kindly sponsored by NetCologne GmbH. +This requires a properly setup MySQL user management and phpMyAdmin +:term:`HTTP` or cookie authentication. + +.. seealso:: :ref:`authentication_modes` + +.. _faq4_2: + +4.2 What's the preferred way of making phpMyAdmin secure against evil access? +----------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This depends on your system. If you're running a server which cannot be +accessed by other people, it's sufficient to use the directory protection +bundled with your webserver (with Apache you can use :term:`.htaccess` files, +for example). If other people have telnet access to your server, you should use +phpMyAdmin's :term:`HTTP` or cookie authentication features. + +Suggestions: + +* Your :file:`config.inc.php` file should be ``chmod 660``. +* All your phpMyAdmin files should be chown -R phpmy.apache, where phpmy + is a user whose password is only known to you, and apache is the group + under which Apache runs. +* Follow security recommendations for PHP and your webserver. + +.. _faq4_3: + +4.3 I get errors about not being able to include a file in */lang* or in */libraries*. +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Check :file:`php.ini`, or ask your sysadmin to check it. The +``include_path`` must contain "." somewhere in it, and +``open_basedir``, if used, must contain "." and "./lang" to allow +normal operation of phpMyAdmin. + +.. _faq4_4: + +4.4 phpMyAdmin always gives "Access denied" when using HTTP authentication. +--------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This could happen for several reasons: + +* :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']` and/or :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass']` are wrong. +* The username/password you specify in the login dialog are invalid. +* You have already setup a security mechanism for the phpMyAdmin- + directory, eg. a :term:`.htaccess` file. This would interfere with phpMyAdmin's + authentication, so remove it. + +.. _faq4_5: + +4.5 Is it possible to let users create their own databases? +----------------------------------------------------------- + +Starting with 2.2.5, in the user management page, you can enter a +wildcard database name for a user (for example "joe%"), and put the +privileges you want. For example, adding ``SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, +DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER`` would let a user create/manage +his/her database(s). + +.. _faq4_6: + +4.6 How can I use the Host-based authentication additions? +---------------------------------------------------------- + +If you have existing rules from an old :term:`.htaccess` file, you can take them and +add a username between the ``'deny'``/``'allow'`` and ``'from'`` +strings. Using the username wildcard of ``'%'`` would be a major +benefit here if your installation is suited to using it. Then you can +just add those updated lines into the +:config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']` array. + +If you want a pre-made sample, you can try this fragment. It stops the +'root' user from logging in from any networks other than the private +network :term:`IP` blocks. + +.. code-block:: php + + //block root from logging in except from the private networks + $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['order'] = 'deny,allow'; + $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules'] = array( + 'deny root from all', + 'allow root from localhost', + 'allow root from 10.0.0.0/8', + 'allow root from 192.168.0.0/16', + 'allow root from 172.16.0.0/12', + ); + +.. _faq4_7: + +4.7 Authentication window is displayed more than once, why? +----------------------------------------------------------- + +This happens if you are using a :term:`URL` to start phpMyAdmin which is +different than the one set in your :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']`. For +example, a missing "www", or entering with an :term:`IP` address while a domain +name is defined in the config file. + +.. _faq4_8: + +4.8 Which parameters can I use in the URL that starts phpMyAdmin? +----------------------------------------------------------------- + +When starting phpMyAdmin, you can use the ``db`` +and ``server`` parameters. This last one can contain +either the numeric host index (from ``$i`` of the configuration file) +or one of the host names present in the configuration file. + +For example, to jump directly to a particular database, a URL can be constructed as +``https://example.com/phpmyadmin/?db=sakila``. + +.. seealso:: :ref:`faq1_34` + +.. versionchanged:: 4.9.0 + + Support for using the ``pma_username`` and ``pma_password`` parameters was removed + in phpMyAdmin 4.9.0 (see `PMASA-2019-4 <https://www.phpmyadmin.net/security/PMASA-2019-4/>`_). + +.. _faqbrowsers: + +Browsers or client OS ++++++++++++++++++++++ + +.. _faq5_1: + +5.1 I get an out of memory error, and my controls are non-functional, when trying to create a table with more than 14 columns. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +We could reproduce this problem only under Win98/98SE. Testing under +WinNT4 or Win2K, we could easily create more than 60 columns. A +workaround is to create a smaller number of columns, then come back to +your table properties and add the other columns. + +.. _faq5_2: + +5.2 With Xitami 2.5b4, phpMyAdmin won't process form fields. +------------------------------------------------------------ + +This is not a phpMyAdmin problem but a Xitami known bug: you'll face +it with each script/website that use forms. Upgrade or downgrade your +Xitami server. + +.. _faq5_3: + +5.3 I have problems dumping tables with Konqueror (phpMyAdmin 2.2.2). +--------------------------------------------------------------------- + +With Konqueror 2.1.1: plain dumps, zip and gzip dumps work ok, except +that the proposed file name for the dump is always 'tbl\_dump.php'. +The bzip2 dumps don't seem to work. With Konqueror 2.2.1: plain dumps +work; zip dumps are placed into the user's temporary directory, so +they must be moved before closing Konqueror, or else they disappear. +gzip dumps give an error message. Testing needs to be done for +Konqueror 2.2.2. + +.. _faq5_4: + +5.4 I can't use the cookie authentication mode because Internet Explorer never stores the cookies. +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +MS Internet Explorer seems to be really buggy about cookies, at least +till version 6. + +.. _faq5_5: + +5.5 (withdrawn). +---------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +.. _faq5_6: + +5.6 (withdrawn). +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +.. _faq5_7: + +5.7 I refresh (reload) my browser, and come back to the welcome page. +--------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Some browsers support right-clicking into the frame you want to +refresh, just do this in the right frame. + +.. _faq5_8: + +5.8 With Mozilla 0.9.7 I have problems sending a query modified in the query box. +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Looks like a Mozilla bug: 0.9.6 was OK. We will keep an eye on future +Mozilla versions. + +.. _faq5_9: + +5.9 With Mozilla 0.9.? to 1.0 and Netscape 7.0-PR1 I can't type a whitespace in the SQL-Query edit area: the page scrolls down. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is a Mozilla bug (see bug #26882 at `BugZilla +<https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/>`_). + +.. _faq5_10: + +5.10 (withdrawn). +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +.. _faq5_11: + +5.11 Extended-ASCII characters like German umlauts are displayed wrong. +----------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Please ensure that you have set your browser's character set to the +one of the language file you have selected on phpMyAdmin's start page. +Alternatively, you can try the auto detection mode that is supported +by the recent versions of the most browsers. + +.. _faq5_12: + +5.12 Mac OS X Safari browser changes special characters to "?". +--------------------------------------------------------------- + +This issue has been reported by a :term:`Mac OS X` user, who adds that Chimera, +Netscape and Mozilla do not have this problem. + +.. _faq5_13: + +5.13 (withdrawn) +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +.. _faq5_14: + +5.14 (withdrawn) +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +.. _faq5_15: + +5.15 (withdrawn) +----------------------------------------- + +.. _faq5_16: + +5.16 With Internet Explorer, I get "Access is denied" Javascript errors. Or I cannot make phpMyAdmin work under Windows. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Please check the following points: + +* Maybe you have defined your :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']` setting in + :file:`config.inc.php` to an :term:`IP` address and you are starting phpMyAdmin + with a :term:`URL` containing a domain name, or the reverse situation. +* Security settings in IE and/or Microsoft Security Center are too high, + thus blocking scripts execution. +* The Windows Firewall is blocking Apache and MySQL. You must allow + :term:`HTTP` ports (80 or 443) and MySQL + port (usually 3306) in the "in" and "out" directions. + +.. _faq5_17: + +5.17 With Firefox, I cannot delete rows of data or drop a database. +------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Many users have confirmed that the Tabbrowser Extensions plugin they +installed in their Firefox is causing the problem. + +.. _faq5_18: + +5.18 (withdrawn) +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +.. _faq5_19: + +5.19 I get JavaScript errors in my browser. +------------------------------------------- + +Issues have been reported with some combinations of browser +extensions. To troubleshoot, disable all extensions then clear your +browser cache to see if the problem goes away. + +.. _faq5_20: + +5.20 I get errors about violating Content Security Policy. +---------------------------------------------------------- + +If you see errors like: + +.. code-block:: text + + Refused to apply inline style because it violates the following Content Security Policy directive + +This is usually caused by some software, which wrongly rewrites +:mailheader:`Content Security Policy` headers. Usually this is caused by +antivirus proxy or browser addons which are causing such errors. + +If you see these errors, try disabling the HTTP proxy in antivirus or disable +the :mailheader:`Content Security Policy` rewriting in it. If that doesn't +help, try disabling browser extensions. + +Alternatively it can be also server configuration issue (if the webserver is +configured to emit :mailheader:`Content Security Policy` headers, they can +override the ones from phpMyAdmin). + +Programs known to cause these kind of errors: + +* Kaspersky Internet Security + +.. _faq5_21: + +5.21 I get errors about potentially unsafe operation when browsing table or executing SQL query. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +If you see errors like: + +.. code-block:: text + + A potentially unsafe operation has been detected in your request to this site. + +This is usually caused by web application firewall doing requests filtering. It +tries to prevent SQL injection, however phpMyAdmin is tool designed to execute +SQL queries, thus it makes it unusable. + +Please whitelist phpMyAdmin scripts from the web application firewall settings +or disable it completely for phpMyAdmin path. + +Programs known to cause these kind of errors: + +* Wordfence Web Application Firewall + +.. _faqusing: + +Using phpMyAdmin +++++++++++++++++ + +.. _faq6_1: + +6.1 I can't insert new rows into a table / I can't create a table - MySQL brings up a SQL error. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Examine the :term:`SQL` error with care. +Often the problem is caused by specifying a wrong column-type. Common +errors include: + +* Using ``VARCHAR`` without a size argument +* Using ``TEXT`` or ``BLOB`` with a size argument + +Also, look at the syntax chapter in the MySQL manual to confirm that +your syntax is correct. + +.. _faq6_2: + +6.2 When I create a table, I set an index for two columns and phpMyAdmin generates only one index with those two columns. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is the way to create a multi-columns index. If you want two +indexes, create the first one when creating the table, save, then +display the table properties and click the Index link to create the +other index. + +.. _faq6_3: + +6.3 How can I insert a null value into my table? +------------------------------------------------ + +Since version 2.2.3, you have a checkbox for each column that can be +null. Before 2.2.3, you had to enter "null", without the quotes, as +the column's value. Since version 2.5.5, you have to use the checkbox +to get a real NULL value, so if you enter "NULL" this means you want a +literal NULL in the column, and not a NULL value (this works in PHP4). + +.. _faq6_4: + +6.4 How can I backup my database or table? +------------------------------------------ + +Click on a database or table name in the navigation panel, the properties will +be displayed. Then on the menu, click "Export", you can dump the structure, the +data, or both. This will generate standard :term:`SQL` statements that can be +used to recreate your database/table. You will need to choose "Save as file", +so that phpMyAdmin can transmit the resulting dump to your station. Depending +on your PHP configuration, you will see options to compress the dump. See also +the :config:option:`$cfg['ExecTimeLimit']` configuration variable. For +additional help on this subject, look for the word "dump" in this document. + +.. _faq6_5: + +6.5 How can I restore (upload) my database or table using a dump? How can I run a ".sql" file? +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Click on a database name in the navigation panel, the properties will +be displayed. Select "Import" from the list of tabs in the right–hand +frame (or ":term:`SQL`" if your phpMyAdmin +version is previous to 2.7.0). In the "Location of the text file" +section, type in the path to your dump filename, or use the Browse +button. Then click Go. With version 2.7.0, the import engine has been +re–written, if possible it is suggested that you upgrade to take +advantage of the new features. For additional help on this subject, +look for the word "upload" in this document. + +Note: For errors while importing of dumps exported from older MySQL versions to newer MySQL versions, +please check :ref:`faq6_41`. + +.. _faq6_6: + +6.6 How can I use the relation table in Query-by-example? +--------------------------------------------------------- + +Here is an example with the tables persons, towns and countries, all +located in the database "mydb". If you don't have a ``pma__relation`` +table, create it as explained in the configuration section. Then +create the example tables: + +.. code-block:: mysql + + CREATE TABLE REL_countries ( + country_code char(1) NOT NULL default '', + description varchar(10) NOT NULL default '', + PRIMARY KEY (country_code) + ) ENGINE=MyISAM; + + INSERT INTO REL_countries VALUES ('C', 'Canada'); + + CREATE TABLE REL_persons ( + id tinyint(4) NOT NULL auto_increment, + person_name varchar(32) NOT NULL default '', + town_code varchar(5) default '0', + country_code char(1) NOT NULL default '', + PRIMARY KEY (id) + ) ENGINE=MyISAM; + + INSERT INTO REL_persons VALUES (11, 'Marc', 'S', 'C'); + INSERT INTO REL_persons VALUES (15, 'Paul', 'S', 'C'); + + CREATE TABLE REL_towns ( + town_code varchar(5) NOT NULL default '0', + description varchar(30) NOT NULL default '', + PRIMARY KEY (town_code) + ) ENGINE=MyISAM; + + INSERT INTO REL_towns VALUES ('S', 'Sherbrooke'); + INSERT INTO REL_towns VALUES ('M', 'Montréal'); + +To setup appropriate links and display information: + +* on table "REL\_persons" click Structure, then Relation view +* for "town\_code", choose from dropdowns, "mydb", "REL\_towns", "code" + for foreign database, table and column respectively +* for "country\_code", choose from dropdowns, "mydb", "REL\_countries", + "country\_code" for foreign database, table and column respectively +* on table "REL\_towns" click Structure, then Relation view +* in "Choose column to display", choose "description" +* repeat the two previous steps for table "REL\_countries" + +Then test like this: + +* Click on your db name in the navigation panel +* Choose "Query" +* Use tables: persons, towns, countries +* Click "Update query" +* In the columns row, choose persons.person\_name and click the "Show" + tickbox +* Do the same for towns.description and countries.descriptions in the + other 2 columns +* Click "Update query" and you will see in the query box that the + correct joins have been generated +* Click "Submit query" + +.. _faqdisplay: + +6.7 How can I use the "display column" feature? +----------------------------------------------- + +Starting from the previous example, create the ``pma__table_info`` as +explained in the configuration section, then browse your persons +table, and move the mouse over a town code or country code. See also +:ref:`faq6_21` for an additional feature that "display column" +enables: drop-down list of possible values. + +.. _faqpdf: + +6.8 How can I produce a PDF schema of my database? +-------------------------------------------------- + +First the configuration variables "relation", "table\_coords" and +"pdf\_pages" have to be filled in. Then you need to think about your +schema layout. Which tables will go on which pages? + +* Select your database in the navigation panel. +* Choose "Operations" in the navigation bar at the top. +* Choose "Edit :term:`PDF` Pages" near the + bottom of the page. +* Enter a name for the first :term:`PDF` page + and click Go. If you like, you can use the "automatic layout," which + will put all your linked tables onto the new page. +* Select the name of the new page (making sure the Edit radio button is + selected) and click Go. +* Select a table from the list, enter its coordinates and click Save. + Coordinates are relative; your diagram will be automatically scaled to + fit the page. When initially placing tables on the page, just pick any + coordinates -- say, 50x50. After clicking Save, you can then use the + :ref:`wysiwyg` to position the element correctly. +* When you'd like to look at your :term:`PDF`, first be sure to click the Save + button beneath the list of tables and coordinates, to save any changes you + made there. Then scroll all the way down, select the :term:`PDF` options you + want, and click Go. +* Internet Explorer for Windows may suggest an incorrect filename when + you try to save a generated :term:`PDF`. + When saving a generated :term:`PDF`, be + sure that the filename ends in ".pdf", for example "schema.pdf". + Browsers on other operating systems, and other browsers on Windows, do + not have this problem. + +.. seealso:: + + :ref:`relations` + +.. _faq6_9: + +6.9 phpMyAdmin is changing the type of one of my columns! +--------------------------------------------------------- + +No, it's MySQL that is doing `silent column type changing +<https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/silent-column-changes.html>`_. + +.. _underscore: + +6.10 When creating a privilege, what happens with underscores in the database name? +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +If you do not put a backslash before the underscore, this is a +wildcard grant, and the underscore means "any character". So, if the +database name is "john\_db", the user would get rights to john1db, +john2db ... If you put a backslash before the underscore, it means +that the database name will have a real underscore. + +.. _faq6_11: + +6.11 What is the curious symbol ø in the statistics pages? +---------------------------------------------------------- + +It means "average". + +.. _faqexport: + +6.12 I want to understand some Export options. +---------------------------------------------- + +**Structure:** + +* "Add DROP TABLE" will add a line telling MySQL to `drop the table + <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/drop-table.html>`_, if it already + exists during the import. It does NOT drop the table after your + export, it only affects the import file. +* "If Not Exists" will only create the table if it doesn't exist. + Otherwise, you may get an error if the table name exists but has a + different structure. +* "Add AUTO\_INCREMENT value" ensures that AUTO\_INCREMENT value (if + any) will be included in backup. +* "Enclose table and column names with backquotes" ensures that column + and table names formed with special characters are protected. +* "Add into comments" includes column comments, relations, and media (MIME) + types set in the pmadb in the dump as :term:`SQL` comments + (*/\* xxx \*/*). + +**Data:** + +* "Complete inserts" adds the column names on every INSERT command, for + better documentation (but resulting file is bigger). +* "Extended inserts" provides a shorter dump file by using only once the + INSERT verb and the table name. +* "Delayed inserts" are best explained in the `MySQL manual - INSERT DELAYED Syntax + <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/insert-delayed.html>`_. +* "Ignore inserts" treats errors as a warning instead. Again, more info + is provided in the `MySQL manual - INSERT Syntax + <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/insert.html>`_, but basically with + this selected, invalid values are adjusted and inserted rather than + causing the entire statement to fail. + +.. _faq6_13: + +6.13 I would like to create a database with a dot in its name. +-------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is a bad idea, because in MySQL the syntax "database.table" is +the normal way to reference a database and table name. Worse, MySQL +will usually let you create a database with a dot, but then you cannot +work with it, nor delete it. + +.. _faqsqlvalidator: + +6.14 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq6_15: + +6.15 I want to add a BLOB column and put an index on it, but MySQL says "BLOB column '...' used in key specification without a key length". +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The right way to do this, is to create the column without any indexes, +then display the table structure and use the "Create an index" dialog. +On this page, you will be able to choose your BLOB column, and set a +size to the index, which is the condition to create an index on a BLOB +column. + +.. _faq6_16: + +6.16 How can I simply move in page with plenty editing fields? +-------------------------------------------------------------- + +You can use :kbd:`Ctrl+arrows` (:kbd:`Option+Arrows` in Safari) for moving on +most pages with many editing fields (table structure changes, row editing, +etc.). + +.. _faq6_17: + +6.17 Transformations: I can't enter my own mimetype! What is this feature then useful for? +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +Defining mimetypes is of no use if you can't put +transformations on them. Otherwise you could just put a comment on the +column. Because entering your own mimetype will cause serious syntax +checking issues and validation, this introduces a high-risk false- +user-input situation. Instead you have to initialize mimetypes using +functions or empty mimetype definitions. + +Plus, you have a whole overview of available mimetypes. Who knows all those +mimetypes by heart so he/she can enter it at will? + +.. _faqbookmark: + +6.18 Bookmarks: Where can I store bookmarks? Why can't I see any bookmarks below the query box? What are these variables for? +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +You need to have configured the :ref:`linked-tables` for using bookmarks +feature. Once you have done that, you can use bookmarks in the :guilabel:`SQL` tab. + +.. seealso:: :ref:`bookmarks` + +.. _faq6_19: + +6.19 How can I create simple LATEX document to include exported table? +---------------------------------------------------------------------- + +You can simply include table in your LATEX documents, +minimal sample document should look like following one (assuming you +have table exported in file :file:`table.tex`): + +.. code-block:: latex + + \documentclass{article} % or any class you want + \usepackage{longtable} % for displaying table + \begin{document} % start of document + \include{table} % including exported table + \end{document} % end of document + +.. _faq6_20: + +6.20 I see a lot of databases which are not mine, and cannot access them. +------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +You have one of these global privileges: CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, SHOW +DATABASES, LOCK TABLES. Those privileges also enable users to see all the +database names. So if your users do not need those privileges, you can remove +them and their databases list will shorten. + +.. seealso:: <https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=179> + +.. _faq6_21: + +6.21 In edit/insert mode, how can I see a list of possible values for a column, based on some foreign table? +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +You have to setup appropriate links between the tables, and also setup +the "display column" in the foreign table. See :ref:`faq6_6` for an +example. Then, if there are 100 values or less in the foreign table, a +drop-down list of values will be available. You will see two lists of +values, the first list containing the key and the display column, the +second list containing the display column and the key. The reason for +this is to be able to type the first letter of either the key or the +display column. For 100 values or more, a distinct window will appear, +to browse foreign key values and choose one. To change the default +limit of 100, see :config:option:`$cfg['ForeignKeyMaxLimit']`. + +.. _faq6_22: + +6.22 Bookmarks: Can I execute a default bookmark automatically when entering Browse mode for a table? +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Yes. If a bookmark has the same label as a table name and it's not a +public bookmark, it will be executed. + +.. seealso:: :ref:`bookmarks` + +.. _faq6_23: + +6.23 Export: I heard phpMyAdmin can export Microsoft Excel files? +----------------------------------------------------------------- + +You can use :term:`CSV` for Microsoft Excel, +which works out of the box. + +.. versionchanged:: 3.4.5 + Since phpMyAdmin 3.4.5 support for direct export to Microsoft Excel version + 97 and newer was dropped. + +.. _faq6_24: + +6.24 Now that phpMyAdmin supports native MySQL 4.1.x column comments, what happens to my column comments stored in pmadb? +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Automatic migration of a table's pmadb-style column comments to the +native ones is done whenever you enter Structure page for this table. + +.. _faq6_25: + +6.25 (withdrawn). +----------------- + +.. _faq6_26: + +6.26 How can I select a range of rows? +-------------------------------------- + +Click the first row of the range, hold the shift key and click the +last row of the range. This works everywhere you see rows, for example +in Browse mode or on the Structure page. + +.. _faq6_27: + +6.27 What format strings can I use? +----------------------------------- + +In all places where phpMyAdmin accepts format strings, you can use +``@VARIABLE@`` expansion and `strftime <https://www.php.net/strftime>`_ +format strings. The expanded variables depend on a context (for +example, if you haven't chosen a table, you can not get the table +name), but the following variables can be used: + +``@HTTP_HOST@`` + HTTP host that runs phpMyAdmin +``@SERVER@`` + MySQL server name +``@VERBOSE@`` + Verbose MySQL server name as defined in :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['verbose']` +``@VSERVER@`` + Verbose MySQL server name if set, otherwise normal +``@DATABASE@`` + Currently opened database +``@TABLE@`` + Currently opened table +``@COLUMNS@`` + Columns of the currently opened table +``@PHPMYADMIN@`` + phpMyAdmin with version + +.. _wysiwyg: + +6.28 How can I easily edit relational schema for export? +-------------------------------------------------------- + +By clicking on the button 'toggle scratchboard' on the page where you +edit x/y coordinates of those elements you can activate a scratchboard +where all your elements are placed. By clicking on an element, you can +move them around in the pre-defined area and the x/y coordinates will +get updated dynamically. Likewise, when entering a new position +directly into the input field, the new position in the scratchboard +changes after your cursor leaves the input field. + +You have to click on the 'OK'-button below the tables to save the new +positions. If you want to place a new element, first add it to the +table of elements and then you can drag the new element around. + +By changing the paper size and the orientation you can change the size +of the scratchboard as well. You can do so by just changing the +dropdown field below, and the scratchboard will resize automatically, +without interfering with the current placement of the elements. + +If ever an element gets out of range you can either enlarge the paper +size or click on the 'reset' button to place all elements below each +other. + +.. _faq6_29: + +6.29 Why can't I get a chart from my query result table? +-------------------------------------------------------- + +Not every table can be put to the chart. Only tables with one, two or +three columns can be visualised as a chart. Moreover the table must be +in a special format for chart script to understand it. Currently +supported formats can be found in :ref:`charts`. + +.. _faq6_30: + +6.30 Import: How can I import ESRI Shapefiles? +---------------------------------------------- + +An ESRI Shapefile is actually a set of several files, where .shp file +contains geometry data and .dbf file contains data related to those +geometry data. To read data from .dbf file you need to have PHP +compiled with the dBase extension (--enable-dbase). Otherwise only +geometry data will be imported. + +To upload these set of files you can use either of the following +methods: + +Configure upload directory with :config:option:`$cfg['UploadDir']`, upload both .shp and .dbf files with +the same filename and chose the .shp file from the import page. + +Create a zip archive with .shp and .dbf files and import it. For this +to work, you need to set :config:option:`$cfg['TempDir']` to a place where the web server user can +write (for example ``'./tmp'``). + +To create the temporary directory on a UNIX-based system, you can do: + +.. code-block:: sh + + cd phpMyAdmin + mkdir tmp + chmod o+rwx tmp + +.. _faq6_31: + +6.31 How do I create a relation in designer? +-------------------------------------------- + +To select relation, click: The display column is shown in pink. To +set/unset a column as the display column, click the "Choose column to +display" icon, then click on the appropriate column name. + +.. _faq6_32: + +6.32 How can I use the zoom search feature? +------------------------------------------- + +The Zoom search feature is an alternative to table search feature. It allows +you to explore a table by representing its data in a scatter plot. You can +locate this feature by selecting a table and clicking the :guilabel:`Search` +tab. One of the sub-tabs in the :guilabel:`Table Search` page is +:guilabel:`Zoom Search`. + +Consider the table REL\_persons in :ref:`faq6_6` for +an example. To use zoom search, two columns need to be selected, for +example, id and town\_code. The id values will be represented on one +axis and town\_code values on the other axis. Each row will be +represented as a point in a scatter plot based on its id and +town\_code. You can include two additional search criteria apart from +the two fields to display. + +You can choose which field should be +displayed as label for each point. If a display column has been set +for the table (see :ref:`faqdisplay`), it is taken as the label unless +you specify otherwise. You can also select the maximum number of rows +you want to be displayed in the plot by specifing it in the 'Max rows +to plot' field. Once you have decided over your criteria, click 'Go' +to display the plot. + +After the plot is generated, you can use the +mousewheel to zoom in and out of the plot. In addition, panning +feature is enabled to navigate through the plot. You can zoom-in to a +certain level of detail and use panning to locate your area of +interest. Clicking on a point opens a dialogue box, displaying field +values of the data row represented by the point. You can edit the +values if required and click on submit to issue an update query. Basic +instructions on how to use can be viewed by clicking the 'How to use?' +link located just above the plot. + +.. _faq6_33: + +6.33 When browsing a table, how can I copy a column name? +--------------------------------------------------------- + +Selecting the name of the column within the browse table header cell +for copying is difficult, as the columns support reordering by +dragging the header cells as well as sorting by clicking on the linked +column name. To copy a column name, double-click on the empty area +next to the column name, when the tooltip tells you to do so. This +will show you an input box with the column name. You may right-click +the column name within this input box to copy it to your clipboard. + +.. _faq6_34: + +6.34 How can I use the Favorite Tables feature? +--------------------------------------------------------- + +Favorite Tables feature is very much similar to Recent Tables feature. +It allows you to add a shortcut for the frequently used tables of any +database in the navigation panel . You can easily navigate to any table +in the list by simply choosing it from the list. These tables are stored +in your browser's local storage if you have not configured your +`phpMyAdmin Configuration Storage`. Otherwise these entries are stored in +`phpMyAdmin Configuration Storage`. + +IMPORTANT: In absence of `phpMyAdmin Configuration Storage`, your Favorite +tables may be different in different browsers based on your different +selections in them. + +To add a table to Favorite list simply click on the `Gray` star in front +of a table name in the list of tables of a Database and wait until it +turns to `Yellow`. +To remove a table from list, simply click on the `Yellow` star and +wait until it turns `Gray` again. + +Using :config:option:`$cfg['NumFavoriteTables']` in your :file:`config.inc.php` +file, you can define the maximum number of favorite tables shown in the +navigation panel. Its default value is `10`. + +.. _faq6_35: + +6.35 How can I use the Range search feature? +--------------------------------------------------------- + +With the help of range search feature, one can specify a range of values for +particular column(s) while performing search operation on a table from the `Search` +tab. + +To use this feature simply click on the `BETWEEN` or `NOT BETWEEN` operators +from the operator select list in front of the column name. On choosing one of the +above options, a dialog box will show up asking for the `Minimum` and `Maximum` +value for that column. Only the specified range of values will be included +in case of `BETWEEN` and excluded in case of `NOT BETWEEN` from the final results. + +Note: The Range search feature will work only `Numeric` and `Date` data type columns. + +.. _faq6_36: + +6.36 What is Central columns and how can I use this feature? +------------------------------------------------------------ + +As the name suggests, the Central columns feature enables to maintain a central list of +columns per database to avoid similar name for the same data element and bring consistency +of data type for the same data element. You can use the central list of columns to +add an element to any table structure in that database which will save from writing +similar column name and column definition. + +To add a column to central list, go to table structure page, check the columns you want +to include and then simply click on "Add to central columns". If you want to add all +unique columns from more than one table from a database then go to database structure page, +check the tables you want to include and then select "Add columns to central list". + +To remove a column from central list, go to Table structure page, check the columns you want +to remove and then simply click on "Remove from central columns". If you want to remove all +columns from more than one tables from a database then go to database structure page, +check the tables you want to include and then select "Remove columns from central list". + +To view and manage the central list, select the database you want to manage central columns +for then from the top menu click on "Central columns". You will be taken to a page where +you will have options to edit, delete or add new columns to central list. + +.. _faq6_37: + +6.37 How can I use Improve Table structure feature? +--------------------------------------------------------- + +Improve table structure feature helps to bring the table structure upto +Third Normal Form. A wizard is presented to user which asks questions about the +elements during the various steps for normalization and a new structure is proposed +accordingly to bring the table into the First/Second/Third Normal form. +On startup of the wizard, user gets to select upto what normal form they want to +normalize the table structure. + +Here is an example table which you can use to test all of the three First, Second and +Third Normal Form. + +.. code-block:: mysql + + CREATE TABLE `VetOffice` ( + `petName` varchar(64) NOT NULL, + `petBreed` varchar(64) NOT NULL, + `petType` varchar(64) NOT NULL, + `petDOB` date NOT NULL, + `ownerLastName` varchar(64) NOT NULL, + `ownerFirstName` varchar(64) NOT NULL, + `ownerPhone1` int(12) NOT NULL, + `ownerPhone2` int(12) NOT NULL, + `ownerEmail` varchar(64) NOT NULL, + ); + +The above table is not in First normal Form as no :term:`primary key` exists. Primary key +is supposed to be (`petName`,`ownerLastName`,`ownerFirstName`) . If the :term:`primary key` +is chosen as suggested the resultant table won't be in Second as well as Third Normal +form as the following dependencies exists. + +.. code-block:: mysql + + (OwnerLastName, OwnerFirstName) -> OwnerEmail + (OwnerLastName, OwnerFirstName) -> OwnerPhone + PetBreed -> PetType + +Which says, OwnerEmail depends on OwnerLastName and OwnerFirstName. +OwnerPhone depends on OwnerLastName and OwnerFirstName. +PetType depends on PetBreed. + +.. _faq6_38: + +6.38 How can I reassign auto-incremented values? +------------------------------------------------ + +Some users prefer their AUTO_INCREMENT values to be consecutive; this is not +always the case after row deletion. + +Here are the steps to accomplish this. These are manual steps because they +involve a manual verification at one point. + +* Ensure that you have exclusive access to the table to rearrange + +* On your :term:`primary key` column (i.e. id), remove the AUTO_INCREMENT setting + +* Delete your primary key in Structure > indexes + +* Create a new column future_id as primary key, AUTO_INCREMENT + +* Browse your table and verify that the new increments correspond to what + you're expecting + +* Drop your old id column + +* Rename the future_id column to id + +* Move the new id column via Structure > Move columns + +.. _faq6_39: + +6.39 What is the "Adjust privileges" option when renaming, copying, or moving a database, table, column, or procedure? +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +When renaming/copying/moving a database/table/column/procedure, +MySQL does not adjust the original privileges relating to these objects +on its own. By selecting this option, phpMyAdmin will adjust the privilege +table so that users have the same privileges on the new items. + +For example: A user 'bob'@'localhost' has a 'SELECT' privilege on a +column named 'id'. Now, if this column is renamed to 'id_new', MySQL, +on its own, would **not** adjust the column privileges to the new column name. +phpMyAdmin can make this adjustment for you automatically. + +Notes: + +* While adjusting privileges for a database, the privileges of all + database-related elements (tables, columns and procedures) are also adjusted + to the database's new name. + +* Similarly, while adjusting privileges for a table, the privileges of all + the columns inside the new table are also adjusted. + +* While adjusting privileges, the user performing the operation **must** have the following + privileges: + + * SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE privileges on following tables: + `mysql`.`db`, `mysql`.`columns_priv`, `mysql`.`tables_priv`, `mysql`.`procs_priv` + * FLUSH privilege (GLOBAL) + +Thus, if you want to replicate the database/table/column/procedure as it is +while renaming/copying/moving these objects, make sure you have checked this option. + +.. _faq6_40: + +6.40 I see "Bind parameters" checkbox in the "SQL" page. How do I write parameterized SQL queries? +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +From version 4.5, phpMyAdmin allows users to execute parameterized queries in the "SQL" page. +Parameters should be prefixed with a colon(:) and when the "Bind parameters" checkbox is checked +these parameters will be identified and input fields for these parameters will be presented. +Values entered in these field will be substituted in the query before being executed. + +.. _faq6_41: + +6.41 I get import errors while importing the dumps exported from older MySQL versions (pre-5.7.6) into newer MySQL versions (5.7.7+), but they work fine when imported back on same older versions ? +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +If you get errors like *#1031 - Table storage engine for 'table_name' doesn't have this option* +while importing the dumps exported from pre-5.7.7 MySQL servers into new MySQL server versions 5.7.7+, +it might be because ROW_FORMAT=FIXED is not supported with InnoDB tables. Moreover, the value of +`innodb_strict_mode <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/innodb-parameters.html#sysvar_innodb_strict_mode>`_ would define if this would be reported as a warning or as an error. + +Since MySQL version 5.7.9, the default value for `innodb_strict_mode` is `ON` and thus would generate +an error when such a CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE statement is encountered. + +There are two ways of preventing such errors while importing: + +* Change the value of `innodb_strict_mode` to `OFF` before starting the import and turn it `ON` after + the import is successfully completed. +* This can be achieved in two ways: + + * Go to 'Variables' page and edit the value of `innodb_strict_mode` + * Run the query : `SET GLOBAL `innodb_strict_mode` = '[value]'` + +After the import is done, it is suggested that the value of `innodb_strict_mode` should be reset to the +original value. + +.. _faqproject: + +phpMyAdmin project +++++++++++++++++++ + +.. _faq7_1: + +7.1 I have found a bug. How do I inform developers? +--------------------------------------------------- + +Our issues tracker is located at <https://github.com/phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin/issues>. +For security issues, please refer to the instructions at <https://www.phpmyadmin.net/security> to email +the developers directly. + +.. _faq7_2: + +7.2 I want to translate the messages to a new language or upgrade an existing language, where do I start? +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Translations are very welcome and all you need to have are the +language skills. The easiest way is to use our `online translation +service <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/phpmyadmin/>`_. You can check +out all the possibilities to translate in the `translate section on +our website <https://www.phpmyadmin.net/translate/>`_. + +.. _faq7_3: + +7.3 I would like to help out with the development of phpMyAdmin. How should I proceed? +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +We welcome every contribution to the development of phpMyAdmin. You +can check out all the possibilities to contribute in the `contribute +section on our website +<https://www.phpmyadmin.net/contribute/>`_. + +.. seealso:: :ref:`developers` + +.. _faqsecurity: + +Security +++++++++ + +.. _faq8_1: + +8.1 Where can I get information about the security alerts issued for phpMyAdmin? +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Please refer to <https://www.phpmyadmin.net/security/>. + +.. _faq8_2: + +8.2 How can I protect phpMyAdmin against brute force attacks? +------------------------------------------------------------- + +If you use Apache web server, phpMyAdmin exports information about +authentication to the Apache environment and it can be used in Apache +logs. Currently there are two variables available: + +``userID`` + User name of currently active user (he does not have to be logged in). +``userStatus`` + Status of currently active user, one of ``ok`` (user is logged in), + ``mysql-denied`` (MySQL denied user login), ``allow-denied`` (user denied + by allow/deny rules), ``root-denied`` (root is denied in configuration), + ``empty-denied`` (empty password is denied). + +``LogFormat`` directive for Apache can look like following: + +.. code-block:: apache + + LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %{userID}n %{userStatus}n" pma_combined + +You can then use any log analyzing tools to detect possible break-in +attempts. + +.. _faq8_3: + +8.3 Why are there path disclosures when directly loading certain files? +----------------------------------------------------------------------- + +This is a server configuration problem. Never enable ``display_errors`` on a production site. + +.. _faq8_4: + +8.4 CSV files exported from phpMyAdmin could allow a formula injection attack. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +It is possible to generate a :term:`CSV` file that, when imported to a spreadsheet program such as Microsoft Excel, +could potentially allow the execution of arbitrary commands. + +The CSV files generated by phpMyAdmin could potentially contain text that would be interpreted by a spreadsheet program as +a formula, but we do not believe escaping those fields is the proper behavior. There is no means to properly escape and +differentiate between a desired text output and a formula that should be escaped, and CSV is a text format where function +definitions should not be interpreted anyway. We have discussed this at length and feel it is the responsibility of the +spreadsheet program to properly parse and sanitize such data on input instead. + +Google also has a `similar view <https://sites.google.com/site/bughunteruniversity/nonvuln/csv-excel-formula-injection>`_. + +.. _faqsynchronization: + +Synchronization ++++++++++++++++ + +.. _faq9_1: + +9.1 (withdrawn). +---------------- + +.. _faq9_2: + +9.2 (withdrawn). +---------------- |